1. What is Slope Ratio in Drainage Systems?

Slope ratio represents the incline of a drainage pipe or channel, calculated as the tangent of the angle of inclination. It's a critical factor in ensuring proper water flow and preventing stagnation in drainage systems.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the slope formula:

Where:

• \( \theta \) — Angle of inclination in degrees
• \( \tan \) — Trigonometric tangent function

Explanation: The slope ratio represents the vertical rise per unit of horizontal run. For example, a slope of 0.02 means a 2 cm drop per meter of pipe length.

3. Importance of Proper Slope in Drainage

Details: Correct slope is essential for self-cleaning velocity in drainage pipes. Too little slope causes stagnation and sediment buildup, while too much slope can cause turbulent flow and pipe erosion.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the angle of inclination in degrees (0-90°). The calculator will compute the corresponding slope ratio (unitless value).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the recommended slope for drainage pipes?
A: For most drainage applications, a slope of 1-2% (0.01-0.02) is recommended, which corresponds to angles of approximately 0.57-1.15 degrees.

Q2: How does slope affect flow velocity?
A: Greater slopes increase flow velocity, which helps prevent sediment accumulation but may cause erosion at excessive angles.

Q3: Can I use this for both indoor and outdoor drainage?
A: Yes, the slope calculation applies to all drainage systems, though specific requirements may vary by application and local codes.

Q4: What's the minimum slope for effective drainage?
A: The absolute minimum is typically 0.5% (0.005 slope), but 1% is preferred for most applications to ensure reliable drainage.

Q5: How do I measure the angle in practice?
A: Use a level and protractor, or specialized tools like an inclinometer or laser level for more precise measurements.