Ph Poh H Oh- Calculator Formula

pH and pOH Formulas:

\[ pH = -\log_{10}[H^+] \] \[ pOH = -\log_{10}[OH^-] \] \[ [H^+] = 10^{-pH} \] \[ [OH^-] = 10^{-pOH} \] \[ pH + pOH = 14 \] \[ [H^+] \times [OH^-] = 1 \times 10^{-14} \]

[H+] Concentration:

mol/L

[OH-] Concentration:

mol/L

pH Value:

units

pOH Value:

units

Calculated pH:

Calculated pOH:

Calculated [H+]:

Calculated [OH-]:

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1. What Are pH and pOH?

pH and pOH are measures of acidity and alkalinity of a solution. pH represents the concentration of hydrogen ions [H+], while pOH represents the concentration of hydroxide ions [OH-]. They are related through the water dissociation constant where pH + pOH = 14 at 25°C.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the following formulas:

\[ pH = -\log_{10}[H^+] \] \[ pOH = -\log_{10}[OH^-] \] \[ [H^+] = 10^{-pH} \] \[ [OH^-] = 10^{-pOH} \] \[ pH + pOH = 14 \] \[ [H^+] \times [OH^-] = 1 \times 10^{-14} \]

Where:

\( [H^+] \) — Hydrogen ion concentration (mol/L)
\( [OH^-] \) — Hydroxide ion concentration (mol/L)
\( pH \) — Measure of acidity (0-14 scale)
\( pOH \) — Measure of alkalinity (0-14 scale)

Explanation: The calculator can determine any missing value when you provide at least one known parameter from the pH/pOH system.

3. Importance of pH and pOH Calculations

Details: pH and pOH calculations are essential in chemistry, biology, environmental science, and many industrial processes. They help determine the acidity or basicity of solutions, which affects chemical reactions, biological functions, and material properties.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter any one known value (pH, pOH, [H+], or [OH-]) and the calculator will compute the other three values. All concentrations should be in mol/L, and pH/pOH values should be between 0-14.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the relationship between pH and pOH?
A: pH and pOH are inversely related through the equation pH + pOH = 14 at 25°C, which comes from the water ion product Kw = [H+][OH-] = 1×10⁻¹⁴.

Q2: What does a pH of 7 mean?
A: A pH of 7 indicates a neutral solution where [H+] equals [OH-]. Values below 7 are acidic, and values above 7 are basic.

Q3: How do I convert between concentration and pH/pOH?
A: Use the formulas pH = -log[H+] and [H+] = 10^(-pH). Similarly, pOH = -log[OH-] and [OH-] = 10^(-pOH).

Q4: Why are pH values typically between 0 and 14?
A: This range corresponds to hydrogen ion concentrations between 1 M and 10⁻¹⁴ M in aqueous solutions at 25°C. Solutions beyond this range are possible but rare.

Q5: Does temperature affect pH calculations?
A: Yes, the water dissociation constant Kw changes with temperature, which affects the pH + pOH relationship. Our calculator assumes standard conditions of 25°C.