Wire Gauge Conversion Calculator

AWG Formula:

\[ AWG = -39 \log_{92} \left( \frac{d}{0.005} \right) + 36 \]

American Wire Gauge (AWG):

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1. What Is The AWG Formula?

The American Wire Gauge (AWG) formula calculates the gauge number from the diameter of a wire. It provides a standardized measurement system for electrical conductors.

2. How Does The Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the AWG formula:

\[ AWG = -39 \log_{92} \left( \frac{d}{0.005} \right) + 36 \]

Where:

\( d \) — Diameter of the wire in inches
\( \log_{92} \) — Logarithm with base 92
Constants -39 and 36 define the AWG scale
0.005 represents the reference diameter

Explanation: The formula establishes an inverse logarithmic relationship between wire diameter and gauge number, where smaller gauge numbers indicate larger diameters.

3. Importance Of Wire Gauge Conversion

Details: Accurate wire gauge calculation is essential for electrical engineering, determining current-carrying capacity, voltage drop calculations, and selecting appropriate wire sizes for various applications.

4. Using The Calculator

Tips: Enter the wire diameter in inches. The value must be greater than zero. The calculator will compute the corresponding AWG value.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why does AWG use a logarithmic scale?
A: The logarithmic scale allows for a wide range of wire sizes to be represented in a compact numbering system while maintaining consistent size increments.

Q2: What is the relationship between AWG and wire diameter?
A: As AWG number increases, wire diameter decreases. Each 6-gauge decrease doubles the wire diameter, and each 3-gauge decrease doubles the cross-sectional area.

Q3: What are common AWG sizes used in residential wiring?
A: Common sizes include 12 AWG (2.05mm) for 20A circuits, 14 AWG (1.63mm) for 15A circuits, and 10 AWG (2.59mm) for 30A circuits.

Q4: How accurate is the AWG calculation?
A: The formula provides theoretical values. Actual manufactured wires may have slight variations due to manufacturing tolerances and insulation thickness.

Q5: Can this calculator be used for non-circular wires?
A: No, the AWG system is specifically designed for solid round conductors. Different formulas are used for stranded wires or non-circular conductors.